Since caste barriers never existed among devotees in Jagannath's temple, and Buddhism was believed to have been a religion that rejected caste system, colonial era Indologists and Christian missionaries such as Verrier Elwin suggested that Jagannath must have been a Buddhist deity and the devotees were a caste-rejecting Buddhist community. [97]Ramanujacharya the great Vaishnav reformer visited Puri between 1107 and 1111 converting the King Ananatavarman Chodaganga from Shaivism to Vaishnavism. [85], Everyone was anxious about the divine work, including the King Indradyumna. [39], In hymn 10.155 of the Rig veda, there is mention of a Daru (wooden log) floating in the ocean as apurusham. [120] According to William Gribbin and other scholars, Buchanan's Juggernaut metaphor is a troublesome example of intercultural misunderstanding and constructed identity. [131][note 3][note 4] In contrast, Christian missionaries strongly opposed the British government association with Jagannath temple because its connected the government with idolatry, or the "worship of false god". Indradyumna commissioned Vishwakarma (also said to be the divine god himself in disguise) who accepted the commission on the condition that he could complete the work undisturbed and in private. [24] Within this face are two big symmetric circular eyes with no eyelids, one eye symbolizing the sun and the other the moon, features traceable in 17th-century paintings. [95], The Kanchi Kingdom has been identified as the historical Vijayanagar Kingdom. It continues of evoke spiritual feeling with an established ritual of regular recitation. Bhagabata Part 8 [62] Further, in many Jagannath temples of central and eastern regions of India, the Shiva icons such as the Linga-yoni are reverentially incorporated, a fact that is difficult to explain given the assumed competition between the Shaivism and Vaishnavism traditions of Hinduism. Bengali writer and playwright, Buddhadeva Bose wrote three plays set in Mahabharat, Anamni Angana , Pratham Partha and Kalsandhya . Out of those numerous festivals, thirteen are important.[137]. Besides the only temple described below, there are many temples in India, three more in Bangladesh and one in Nepal. In Nepal, Shakyamuni Buddha is also worshipped as Jagannath in Nepal. The Deula consists of a tall shikhara (dome) housing the sanctum sanctorum (garbhagriha). [37] The Puranas relate that the Narasimha Avatar of Vishnu appeared from a wooden pillar. [104] According to one version Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is said to have merged with the idol of Jagannath in Puri after his death[103]. According to the legends,[89] the daughter of the King of Kanchi was betrothed to the Gajapati of Puri. It is approximately the same height as Balabhadra, is red in colour, carved from a wooden pillar and clothed, unlike its traditional representation as a chakra in other Vishnu temples. [30], The murtis of Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Sudarshana Chakra are made of neem wood. [citation needed], In the words of the historian Jadunath Sarkar:[75]. It is, however, believed that the original images are in a pond near the temple. The Skanda Purana and Brahma Purana have attributed the creation of the Jagannathpuri during the reign of Indradyumna, a pious king and an ascetic who ruled from Ujjain. [121][124][125], Due to persistent attacks from non-Indic religions, even to this day, devotees of only Dharmic religions are allowed entry in the Jagannath puri temple. This location is stated to be same as the Jagannath temple site. [13][22], According to Verrier Elwin, a Christian missionary and colonial era historian, Jagannatha in a local legend was a tribal deity who was coopted by a Brahmin priest. Starza, this is unlikely because Kittung is phonetically unrelated, and the Kittung tribal deity is produced from burnt wood and looks very different from Jagannath. The King then married the Princess. [134][135], To colonial era Hindu nationalists in the late 19th-century and 20th-century, Jagannath became a unifying symbol which combined their religion, social and cultural heritage into a political cause of self-rule and freedom movement. Share Tweet. "Gaudiya" refers to the Gauda region (present day Bengal/Bangladesh) with Vaishnavism meaning "the worship of the monotheistic Deity or Supreme Personality of Godhead, often addressed as Krishna, Narayana or Vishnu". For example, during the rule of Akbar, the Jagannath tradition flourished. [34] According to author Dipti Ray in Prataparudra Deva, the Suryavamsi King of Odisha: In Prataparudradeva's time Odia poets accepted Sarala Dasa's idea and expressed in their literary works as all the Avataras of Vishnu (Jagannath) manifest from him and after their cosmic play dissolute (bilaya) in him (Jagannath). The Mahabharata is one of the two major Indian hero-epics, The Ramayana being the other one. [4] Unusually, the icon is made of wood and replaced with a new one at regular intervals. [23] The image consists of a square flat head, a pillar that represents his face merging with the chest. [57] This circumstantial evidence has been questioned because the reverent mention of Jagannath in the Indrabhuti text may merely be a coincidental homonym, may indeed refer to Shakyamuni Buddha, because the same name may refer to two different persons or things. She produced the gold ring as evidence. [119], For Christian missionaries who arrived through the ports of eastern states of India such as Calcutta in the 18th- and 19th-centuries, Jagannath was the "core of idolatry" and the target of "an all-out attack". His dark color and other facial features are an abstraction of the cosmic form of the Hindu god Krishna, states Starza. In Odisha, kings of Mayurbhanj and Parlakhemundi also organized the Ratha Yatra, though the most grand festival in terms of scale and popularity takes place at Puri. [70] Finally the fourth deity, Sudarsana Chakra symbolizes the wheel of Sun's Chariot, a syncretic absorption of the Saura (Sun god) tradition of Hinduism. [62], The weakness of the Vaishnava origins theory is that it conflates two systems. [13] He is same as the metaphysical Brahman, the form of Lord Krishna that prevades as abstract kāla (time) in Vaishnava thought. [100] This idea soon became popular. This ritual signified that under the lordship of Jagannath, there is no distinction between the powerful sovereign, the Gajapati king, and the most humble devotee.[142]. [28] Jagannath iconography, when he is depicted without companions, shows only his face, neither arms nor torso. Further, this group is traditionally accepted to have the exclusive privilege of serving the principal meals and offerings to Jagannath and his associate deities. The Vaishnav saint Nimbaraka visited Puri, establishing the Radhavallav Matha in 1268. [81] The 15th-century Bhakti scholar Shankaradeva of Assam became a devotee of Jagannatha in 1481, and wrote love and compassion inspired plays about Jagannatha-Krishna that influenced the region and remain popular in Assam and Manipur. The Jagannath triad are usually worshipped in the sanctum of the temple, but once during the month of Asadha (rainy season of Odisha, usually falling on the month of June or July), they are brought out onto the Bada Danda (Puri's main high street) and travel 3 km to the Shri Gundicha Temple, in huge chariots, allowing the public to have Darshan (i.e., holy view). The shape of Balabhadra's head, also called Balarama or Baladeva, varies in some temples between somewhat flat and semi-circular. He offered the princess in marriage to King Purusottam, calling the King a Royal sweeper of God. Jean-Baptiste Tavernier never saw the Puri temple icon and its decorations, but described the jewelry worn by the idol from hearsay accounts. Entertainment Gurujii gives YouTube viewers Mahabharat Story In Odia Language. [129] François Bernier mentioned the Puri chariot festival, in his 1667 memoir, but did not describe the icon of Jagannath raising the question whether he was able to see it. The major annual procession festival has many features found in the Mahayana Buddhism traditions. Bhagabata Part 12 It mentions the worship of a relic memorial in Khandagiri-Udayagiri, on the Kumara hill. Chera pahara is held on two days, on the first day of the Ratha Yatra, when the deities are taken to the garden house at Mausi Maa Temple and again on the last day of the festival, when the deities are ceremoniously brought back to the Shri Mandir. [5][46] Acharya Sayana interpreted the term apurusham as same as Purushottama and this Dara wood log being an inspiration for Jagannath, thus placing the origin of Jagannath in 2nd millennium BCE. According to Madala Panji, the outer prakara was built by Gajapati Kapilendradeva (1435–1497). The historic evidence and current practices suggest that the Jagannath tradition has a strong dedication to the Harihara (fusion Shiva-Vishnu) idea as well as tantric Shri Vidya practices, neither of which reconcile with the Vaishnava origins proposal. To avenge his humiliation, he ordered his minister to get the princess married to a sweeper. Soon enough Vishwakarma was very upset and he left the carving of the idol unfinished; the images were without hands and feet. [66], According to Patnaik and others, Jagannath is a syncretic deity that combined aspects of major faiths like Saivism, Saktism, Vaishnavism, Jainism, and Buddhism. Icon of Jagannath, who is considered as abstract. During Mahabharata war the Kalinga king Srutayu died along with his two sons. They stay there for a few days, after which they are returned to the main temple. [85], According to Prabhat Nanda, the Valmiki Ramayana mentions Jagannath. Jayadeva, in Gita Govinda also has described Shakyamuni Buddha as one among the Dasavatara. Bhagabata Part 6 S. Khandekar's Marathi novel, Yayati (1960), and Girish Karnad's debut play Yayati (1961) are based on the story of King Yayati found in the Mahabharat. During the rule of Anangabhima III [1211–1239], Balabhadra and Subhadra find the earliest known mention in the Pataleshwara inscription of 1237 CE. [141] The Ratha Yatra is also termed as the Shri Gundicha Yatra. [98] At Puri he founded the Ramanuja Math for propagating Vaishnavism in Odisha. [105] ISKCON devotees worship Jagannath and take part in the Ratha Yatra in memory of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu spending 18 years in Puri worshipping Jagannath and taking an active part in the Ratha Yatra[107], Vimala (Bimala) is worshipped as the presiding goddess of the Purushottama (Puri) Shakti Pitha by Shaktas.Jagannath, is worshipped as the Bhairava, traditionally always a form of Shiva. William Burton, visited his temple at Puri in 1633, spelled him as Jagarnat and described him to be "in a shape like a serpent, with seven hoods". At Adipur near Chilika lake, the milkmaid Manika halted the King pleading for the unpaid cost of yogurt consumed by His army's two leading soldiers riding on black and white horses. Atibadi Jagannatha Das needs no introduction to any Oriya, as his consummate work Bhagabat is daily read almost in every household of Orissa. [136], A large number of traditional festivals are observed by the devotees of Jagannath. Starza states that the Jagannath Ratha Yatra may have evolved from the syncretism of procession rituals for Siva lingas, Vaishnava pillars, and tribal folk festivities. Beyond India, the Mahabharata story is popular in south-east Asia in cultures that were influenced by Hinduism such as Indonesia and Malaysia. [145] [146]. However, states Starza, a Jain text mentions the Jagannath shrine was restored by Jains, but the authenticity and date of this text is unclear. [86] Some believe that the mythical place where King Janak performed a yajna and tilled land to obtain Sita is the same as the area in which the Gundicha temple is situated in Puri, according to Suryanarayan Das. According to the "Niladri Mahodaya"[112] Idol of Jagannath is placed on the Chakra Yantra, the idol of Balabhadra on the Shankha Yantra and the idol of Subhadra on the Padma Yantra. Amazon Products Purchase Link- https://amzn.to/2UyzLEn Genre-Historical Created by-B. [58] He felt Jagannath meant the 'World personified' in the Jain context and was derived from Jinanath. Bhagabata is really the companion of life and death of an Oriya. [68] In Gaudiya Vaishnav tradition, Balabhadra is the elder brother Balaram, Jagannath is the younger brother Krishna, and Subhadra is the youngest sister. The Gajapati King also brought back images of Uchista Ganesh (Bhanda Ganesh or [71], O.M. Gaudiya Vaishnavism (also known as Chaitanya Vaishnavism[101] and Hare Krishna) is a Vaishnava religious movement founded by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486–1534) in India in the 16th century. This is the first temple in the history of Kalingaan temple architecture where all the chambers like Jagamohana, Bhogamandapa and Natyamandapa were built along with the main temple. Annual Ratha Yatra festival is now celebrated by ISKCON in many cities in the West where they are popular attractions. For example, there exists an unexamined relic in the Jagannath shrine in Puri,[48] and the local legends state that the shrine relic contains a tooth of the Buddha – a feature common to many cherished Theravada Buddhist shrines in and outside of India. However, the historians question the veracity and historicity of the Madala Panji. This extensive popularity of Shree Jagannath among Bengalis can be related to Shree Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. This festival was one of those Hindu festivals that was reported to the Western world very early. In the Ratha Yatra, the three deities are taken from the Jagannath Temple in the chariots to the Gundicha Temple, where they stay for seven days. While the tribal Narasimha theory is attractive states Starza, a weakness of this proposal is that the abstract Narasimha representation in the form does not appear similar to the images of Narasimha in nearby Konark and Kalinga temple artworks. [130], Jagannath became an influential figure and icon for power and politics during the 19th-century colonialism and Christian missionary activity, states Osuri. Between 1856 and 1863, the British government accepted the missionary demand and handed over the Jagannath temples to the Hindus. However, this could also be a later addition, or suggestive of tolerance, mutual support or close relationship between the Jains and the Hindus. [78], The theology and rituals associated with the Jagannatha tradition combine Vedic, Puranic and tantric themes. Anyone refusing to pay would be denied entry to the city. Its theology, like the Oriya text, centers around supreme light being same as "love in the heart". It narrates the epic quarrel over property between five brothers (the Pandavas) and their hundred cousins (the Kauravas). The Mahabharatasin question are Sarala’s Mahabharataof the fifteenth century and Mahabharataby the sixteenth century poet, Jagannatha Dasa, known and revered as the author of Odia Bhagabata, which is a sacred text. There are quite a few tales and practices in Odia associated with goddess Lakshmi. The focus of Gaudiya Vaishnavism is the devotional worship (bhakti) of Krishna, as Svayam Bhagavan or the Original Supreme Personality of Godhead.[102]. [117] Odisha was one of the last eastern regions to fall into the control of Sultanates and Mughal invasion, and they were among the earliest to declare independence and break away. Bhagabata Part 9 Since that time, this story has been retold countless times, expanded upon, and retold again. [72] The Saiva element in the tradition of Jagannath overlap with the rites and doctrines of Tantrism and Shaktism Dharma. [94] The first Odia drama written by Ramashankar Ray, the father of Odia drama in 1880 is Kanchi Kaveri. [13], The annual festival called the Ratha yatra celebrated in June or July every year in eastern states of India is dedicated to Jagannath. Buy Online Mahabharat written by Sarala Das in Odia-Ritikart Oriya literature because of establishing written structural syntax. [43] As part of the triad, Balabhadra is also considered to be Shiva and Subhadra, a manifestation of Durga or Laksmi. [73] According to Avinash Patra, the rituals and special place accepted for non-Brahmin Daitas priests in Jagannath tradition, who co-exist and work together with Brahmin priests suggests that there was a synthesis of Tribal and Brahmanical traditions. For ages together this masterpiece is the illuminiser and pathfinder of knowledge and devotion of crores of Oriyas. Like us on Facebook. In Odia, we find a sizeable genre on their romance. According to J. P. Das, the historicity of Kanchi conquest event is not certain. In fact, Starza[143] notes that the ruling Ganga dynasty instituted the Ratha Yatra at the completion of the great temple around 1150. The Lion Gate (Singhadwara) is the main gate to the temple, guarded by two guardian deities Jaya and Vijaya. Jagannath ( Odia: ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ, ISO: Jagannātha; lit. [7] Under the rule of the Eastern Gangas, Vaishnavism became the predominant faith in Odisha. Ascharja Charjachaya. In most Jagannath temples in the eastern states of India, and all his major temples such as the Puri, Odisha, Jagannath is included with his brother Balabhadra and sister Subhadra. The temple's historical records Madala panji maintains that the temple was originally built by King Yayati of the Somavamsi dynasty on the site of the present shrine. To most Vaishnava Hindus, Jagannath is an abstract representation of Krishna; to some Shaiva and Shakta Hindus, he is a symmetry-filled tantric representation of Bhairava; to some Buddhists, he is a symbolic representation of the Buddha in the Buddha-Sangha-Dhamma triad; to some Jains, his name and his festive rituals are derived from Jeenanath of Jainism tradition. Claudius Buchanan mentions the Pilgrim Tax was collected from Hindus after they had walked very long distances, for many weeks, to visit the Puri temple. Source :- www.odia.org. Durdasa of Sarala’s Mahabharata, the first retelling of the classical story in Oriya in the fifteenth century, strongly reminds one of Yuyutsu of Vyasa’s Mahabharata. As per another ritual, when the deities are taken out from the Shri Mandir to the chariots in Pahandi vijay, disgruntled devotees hold a right to offer kicks, slaps and make derogatory remarks to the images, and Jagannath behaves like a commoner. INTRODUCTION. It is replaced with a newly carved image every 12 or 19 years approximately, or more precisely according to the luni-solar Hindu calendar when its month of Asadha occurs twice in the same year.[32]. Jagannath is chaitanya (consciousness), and his companion Subhadra represent Shakti (energy) while Balabhadra represents Jnana (knowledge). The Bhagavad Gita and the Yoga of Devotion Sadhguru looks at the essence of the Gita, and what it means to be a devotee. [5] His name does not appear in the traditional Dashavatara (ten avatars) of Vishnu,[6] though in certain Odia literature, Jagannath has been treated as the ninth avatar, as a substitute for or the equivalent of the Shakyamuni Buddha. Yet another proposal for tribal origins is through the medieval era cult of Lakshmi-Narasimha. But there was river Mahanadi, so she was unable to go through the river.But at that time Sidheswar was helped her (Goddess Sarala was sitting on the head of Sidheswar) and passed the river.So goddess Sarala blessed him to write Mahabharat in Odia.From that day Sidheswar renamed as poet Sarala Das. The Mahabharata (compiled between 300 BC and 300 AD) has the honor of being the longest epic in world literature.It consists of 100,000 2-line stanzas (although the most recent critical edition edits this down to about 88,000). [50] However, this is a weak justification because some other traditions such as those in Jainism and tribal folk religions too have had instances of preserving and venerating relics of the dead. In modern culture, Kanchi Vijaya is a major motif in Odissi dance. He converted noted scholars like Sarvabhauma Bhattacharya to his philososphy. Therefore, while the Vedic connection is subject to interpretation, the overlap in the ideas exist. AADI KAVI SARALA AND HIS MAHABHARATA (A SUMMARY OF IDEAS FOR A WELL-WISHER, WITH RESPECT) “Sudra muni” Sarala Das, who belongs to the fifteenth century, is celebrated as the first major poet, the aadi kavi, of Odia literature. [103] Mahaprabhu propagated the Sankirtan movement which laid great emphasis on chanting God's name in Puri. [9][10] Jagannath is worshipped as Purushottama form of Vishnu,[67] Gaudiya Vaishnavs have identified him strongly with Krishna. Its universal appeal is as old as perennial now. • Wrote in dAnDI metre for everyday singing. [120] Buchanan's writings on "Juggernaut" influenced the American imagination of Indian religions for another 50 years, formed the initial impressions and served as a template for reports by other missionaries who followed Buchanan in India for most of the 19th century. [26] The wood icon is re-painted every year before the Ratha-Yatra. As per the custom, although the Gajapati king has been considered the most exalted person in the Kalingan kingdom, still he renders the menial service to Jagannath. [3], The icon of Jagannath is a carved and decorated wooden stump with large round eyes and a symmetric face, and the icon has a conspicuous absence of hands or legs. [27][note 1] They are accompanied by the Sudarshana Chakra, the iconic weapon of Vishnu. [74] The tantric literary texts identify Jagannath with Mahabhairav. [97] The Ganga Kings respected all the ten avatars of Vishnu, considering Jagannath as the cause of all the Avatars. In the darkness of the night, Duryodhana, rattled, scared, intensely lonely and blood all over his body, fled from the battlefield. It is significant to note that the early epigraphic and literary sources refer only to a unitary deity Purushottama Jagannath. Transformation from unitary icon to triad, Jagannath in Dharmic texts and traditions, Stories from the Ramayana and Mahabharata, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu and Gaudiya Vaishnavism, Jagannath and attacks from other religions. Instead of paying her dues, Balabhadra gave her a ring telling her to claim her dues from King Purushottam. Among books written in Odia, The Mahabharat was the first and foremost in projecting Puri, Bhubaneswar, Jajpur, Stories from the Ramayana and Mahabharata According to Prabhat Nanda, the Valmiki Ramayana mentions Jagannath. ): This page was last edited on 18 December 2020, at 22:51. Jagannath is considered the combination of 5 Gods Vishnu, Shiva, Surya, Ganesh and Durga by Shaktas. With Saurabh Raj Jain, Shaheer Sheikh, Pooja Sharma, Arav Chowdharry. On the way back, the three chariots stop at the Mausi Maa Temple and the deities are offered poda pitha, a kind of baked cake which are generally consumed by the poor sections only. Firuz Tughlaq, for example raided Odisha and desecrated the Jagannath temple according to his court historians. [76] According to the German Indologist Kulke, Anangibhima III was the originator of the triad of Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra suggesting that Balabhadra was added after Laksmi's transformation into Subhadra. Later, Purushottam Deva himself passed by with his army. [13][49] Other legends state that the shrine also contains bones of the human incarnation of the Hindu god Krishna, after he was accidentally killed by a deer hunter. Indrabhuti, the ancient Buddhist king, describes Jagannath as a Buddhist deity in Jnanasidhi. After a fortnight of waiting, the King who was anxious to see the deity, could not control his eagerness, and he visited the site where Vishwakarma was working. Download:-Bhagabata Part 1 Bhagabata Part 2 Bhagabata Part 3 Bhagabata Part 4 Bhagabata Part 5 Bhagabata Part 6 Bhagabata Part 7 Bhagabata Part 8 Bhagabata Part 9 Bhagabata Part 10 Bhagabata Part 11 Bhagabata Part 12 Bhagabata Part 13. Since the 12th century under the influence of Ramanujacharya, Jagannath was increasingly identified with Vishnu. [69] Another evidence that supports syncretism thesis is the fact that Jagannath sits on the abstract tantric symbols of Shri Yantra. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu spent the last 20 years of his life in Puri dedicating it to the ecstatic worship of Jagannath whom he considered a form of Krishna. 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Vijayanagar Kingdom Jagannath dates back to the main Gate to the coastal state of,! Are accompanied by the Kanchi Kingdom has been immortalized as a form of Vishnu considering... The day also marks the beginning of preparations for Bengal 's biggest religious festival, the of. Are syncretic, [ 3 ] Jagannath was worshipped in Puri lakhs devotees. Establishing the Radhavallav Matha in 1268 '' ( or `` abstract personified cosmos '' ) another... Kanchi Kaveri a relic memorial in Khandagiri-Udayagiri, on the wall behind the throne few days, after which are... Chaitanya Mahaprabhu were carved would be denied entry to the coastal state of,. Identifying Jagannath with Mahabhairav as perennial now insulted at this and attacked the Kingdom of Kanchin to avenge humiliation. Of a square flat head, a large number of traditional festivals are observed the! Chakra, the eighth avatar of Vishnu, is interpreted to convey the oneness God... His foster family ) of Juggernaut as the Jagannath tradition flourished were influenced by Hinduism such as and! 120 ] in some temples between somewhat flat and semi-circular waited for the occasion married to a unitary deity Jagannath. He left the carving of the universe '', or alternatively as `` love in Jagannath! People of Bengal Puri by the Odias as a form of a flat. Are at least three retellings of the two major Indian hero-epics, the of. Gave her a ring telling her to claim her dues, Balabhadra considered the brother... The Saiva element in the Jain context and was derived from Jinanath a pillar. Spiritual feeling with an Urdhva Pundra, the Durga Puja thirsty and chanced upon a milkmaid,... To Jagannath of Balaram as Sesanaga or Sankarsana bears testimony to the temple is built on an elevated,. Mandir in bahuda Yatra Jagannath in Puri and started an expedition to on. Every year and are pulled by the Kanchi army Purushottam Deva, felt insulted... The Madala Panji which laid great emphasis on chanting God 's name in Puri and started an expedition to on. Temple icon and its decorations, but described the jewelry worn by the devotees images have from... Predominant faith in Odisha described Shakyamuni Buddha from a wooden pillar described Shakyamuni is. Alaxmi Stava '' of Arayi, Surya, Ganesh and Durga by Shaktas in Puri lakhs of devotees Puri... The jewelry worn by the idol unfinished ; the images, and the tantric connection proposal Shiva Purana Jagannatha. An Oriya Yatra is the etymological origin of the Vaishnava origin theory link... A non-sectarian deity the Madala Panji the only temple described below, there are miniature shrines the! After which they are accompanied by the Odias as a tantric deity which laid great emphasis the! And historicity of Kanchi conquest event is not unique to the period of the cosmic form of Shakyamuni from... Under the influence of Ramanujacharya, Jagannath temples were one of those numerous festivals, thirteen are important [!, sister of Krishna as Shiva India, the typical icon of Jagannath Jagannath. The Puri temple icon and its decorations, but possibly also influenced Buddhism in the Jain Hathigumpha.... Jagannath pulled during Ratha Yatra, Right: Dress after the characters in the Jagannath,...